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Veuillez veiller à ce que les valeurs absolues réelles puissent présenter des différences minimes (<1%)."],"type":"string"}],"type":"paragraph"}]},"tableheader":{"type":"RichText","elements":[]}}En 2017, l’Afrique a par ailleurs été la région du globe où les enfants les plus jeunes ont été les plus exposés aux accidents mortels : cette année-là, pas moins de 26 550 enfants de moins de cinq ans y ont trouvés la mort sur la route. Les chiffres sont également parlants si l'on rapporte le nombre de victimes de cette tranche d’âge à 100 000 habitants. En Afrique en 2017, ce ne sont pas moins de 14 enfants de moins de 5 ans qui perdaient la vie pour 100 000 habitants, soit le double de la moyenne mondiale. Quelques chiffres supplémentaires : sur la période 1990-2017, le nombre de victimes de la classe d'âge 5-14 ans n’a baissé que de 12 % en Afrique, pour passer de 23 850 à 21 000 décès. Sur la même période, ce chiffre a baissé de 48 % en Asie, tombant de 64 500 à 33 5000 victimes. L’Afrique et l’Asie restent les régions du monde où les victimes d'accidents mortels de la circulation de moins de 15 ans sont les plus nombreuses. Comme nous l'avons également mentionné en introduction de ce rapport, l’Afrique et l’Asie sont aussi les deux continents où le nombre d'actions lancées pour garantir plus de sécurité sur les routes à cette tranche d’âge a été le plus élevé.
De manière générale, il est difficile de comparer les nombres de victimes sur les routes de différents pays. Les chiffres absolus constituent sans aucun doute un premier repère, mais le rapport victimes par tranche d’âge pour 100 000 habitants, tel que celui indiqué ci-dessus pour l’Afrique, est encore plus significatif pour exprimer le risque de perdre la vie dans un accident de la route. Selon des chiffres de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) et de l’International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD), des États comme la Suède, le Royaume-Uni ou la Norvège se distinguent ainsi avec moins de 3 victimes pour 100 000 habitants, tandis que les États- Unis ou le Chili sont au dessus de 10 victimes sur la même échelle de comparaison.
Si l’on rapporte ces chiffres à la catégorie précise des moins de 14 ans, on constate que les accidents de la route sont potentiellement plus mortels pour les adultes que pour les enfants, et ce dans tous les pays du globe. Au niveau mondial, la Norvège (0,414), la Suède (0,420) et le Royaume-Uni (0,460) sont les meilleurs élèves. Et au sein même de cette catégorie, les chiffres concernant les enfants entre 0 et 5 ans sont encore meilleurs. Une fois encore, la Norvège, la Suède et le Royaume-Uni occupent le haut de l’affiche avec un taux de mortalité parfois inférieur à 0,4 pour 100 000 personnes de la même catégorie d'âge. Aux États-Unis, le taux est bien plus élevé et atteint presque 1,90.
